Analysis of Risk Factors Related with Maternal Mortality in Polewali, West Sulawesi

Abstract

Maternal mortality is an important indicator of the health status of a population. Maternal deaths are influenced by various interrelated factors, including proximate, intermediate, and distal determinants. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with maternal mortality in Polewali Mandar Regency in 2025. This study used a case-control design involving 104 respondents, consisting of 52 cases and 52 controls. Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), followed by multiple logistic regression using the backward method. Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between maternal mortality and pregnancy complications, childbirth complications, postpartum complications, maternal age, birth spacing, maternal medical history, nutritional status, and family income. Multivariate analysis identified four factors that remained significantly associated with maternal mortality: maternal medical history (OR=210.2), pregnancy complications (OR=147.1), postpartum complications (OR=84.9), and childbirth complications (OR=49.2). Maternal mortality was primarily associated with maternal health conditions and complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period, highlighting the importance of early detection and timely management of complications